SQLite

Source URL: https://docs.prisma.io/docs/orm/core-concepts/supported-databases/sqlite

SQLite

Use Prisma ORM with SQLite databases including local SQLite, Turso (libSQL), and Cloudflare D1

Prisma ORM supports SQLite and SQLite-compatible databases. This includes local SQLite files, Turso’s distributed libSQL, and Cloudflare’s serverless D1.

Setup

Configure the SQLite provider in your Prisma schema:

schema.prisma

    datasource db {
      provider = "sqlite"
    }

Set the connection URL in prisma.config.ts:

prisma.config.ts

    import { defineConfig } from "prisma/config";

    export default defineConfig({
      schema: "prisma/schema.prisma",
      datasource: {
        url: "file:./dev.db", // or libsql:// for Turso
      },
    });

Using driver adapters

Instead of Prisma’s built-in driver, you can use JavaScript database drivers via driver adapters:

Local SQLite withbetter-sqlite3:

npm

pnpm

yarn

bun

    npm install @prisma/adapter-better-sqlite3

    import { PrismaBetterSqlite3 } from "@prisma/adapter-better-sqlite3";
    import { PrismaClient } from "./generated/prisma";

    const adapter = new PrismaBetterSqlite3({ url: "file:./prisma/dev.db" });
    const prisma = new PrismaClient({ adapter });

Turso with@prisma/adapter-libsql:

npm

pnpm

yarn

bun

    npm install @prisma/adapter-libsql

    import { PrismaLibSQL } from "@prisma/adapter-libsql";
    import { PrismaClient } from "./generated/prisma";

    const adapter = new PrismaLibSQL({
      url: process.env.TURSO_DATABASE_URL,
      authToken: process.env.TURSO_AUTH_TOKEN,
    });
    const prisma = new PrismaClient({ adapter });

Cloudflare D1 with@prisma/adapter-d1:

npm

pnpm

yarn

bun

    npm install @prisma/adapter-d1

    import { PrismaD1 } from "@prisma/adapter-d1";
    import { PrismaClient } from "./generated/prisma";

    const adapter = new PrismaD1(env.DB); // D1 binding in Workers
    const prisma = new PrismaClient({ adapter });

Supported variants

• Local SQLite

Standard SQLite database files (.db). Connection URL format: file:./path/to/database.db

• Use prisma migrate dev for schema changes
• Store database file anywhere in your filesystem
• Best for development and small applications

• Turso (libSQL)

Edge-hosted, distributed SQLite-compatible database.

• Connection URL format: libsql://[hostname]
• Requires authentication token
• Supports embedded replicas for faster local reads
• Use local SQLite file + Turso CLI for migrations (see Turso docs)

Key differences:

• Remote access over HTTP
• Replication and automated backups
• Schema changes via prisma migrate diff + Turso CLI

• Cloudflare D1

Serverless SQLite database for Cloudflare Workers.

• Automatic read-replication across regions
• Schema changes via Wrangler CLI + prisma migrate diff
• Local (.wrangler/state) and remote versions available

Key differences:

• No transaction support currently
• Migrations via Wrangler: wrangler d1 migrations apply
• Deploy with Cloudflare Workers

Type mappings

Prisma ORM	SQLite
String	TEXT
Boolean	BOOLEAN
Int	INTEGER
BigInt	INTEGER
Float	REAL
Decimal	DECIMAL
DateTime	NUMERIC
Json	JSONB
Bytes	BLOB
Enum	TEXT

SQLite stores booleans as 0 (false) or 1 (true). Learn more about SQLite type affinity.

Common considerations

Timestamp format with driver adapters:

Configure how DateTime values are stored:

    const adapter = new PrismaBetterSqlite3(
      { url: "file:./dev.db" },
      { timestampFormat: "unixepoch-ms" } // For backward compatibility
    );

• ISO 8601 (default) : Best for new projects
• unixepoch-ms : Required for migrating from Prisma’s native driver

Enum validation:

SQLite doesn’t enforce enum values at the database level. Invalid values will cause Prisma Client queries to fail at runtime.

Integer overflow:

Prisma ORM validates that numbers fit within integer boundaries. If a value exceeds limits, you’ll get a P2023 error.